Harry Potter and the deathly hallows, part two

Sherlock, textual analysis of class and status

Watson meets Sherlock's 'arch enemy'
The main camera shot used in this clip is close-ups of the two characters face at equal height to show that they have equal status at the start of the clip. Both of them try to gain power by asking questions/answering with one word word answers and this is shown also by the steady change of shots both focused on their faces at equal height. This first set of shots is only interrupted with something new when Watson gets a text from Sherlock where the shot changes to a long shot and the words of the text appear on the screen. This first shows the audience the relationship between the two men and show how they are stood at a distance, showing they are not friends and directly facing each other to show that there is a confrontation of power. When Watson asks if they are done to try and show his status that he can leave when/if he wants but the man replies with "you tell me" which clearly isn't what Watson expected as there is a slight pan across his face as he decides whether or not to answer question or to just leave. As Watson walks away shallow focus is used to show him in focus but the man unfocused in the background. This could mean that Watson has the power and therefore higher status as this point as he is choosing to walk away and not answer any more questions. As Watson turns round both characters become in focus again showing the status is once again level, this switches to a long shot as Watson shows his hand and the man moves towards him. An extreme close up is used to show the change in tension as Watson says "don't" to touching his hand and shows how he is afraid of what he is going to do. The extreme close up of Sherlock's enemy when he  raises eyebrows to show he does not need to explain is used to show that he has higher status as he gets Watson to do what he wants. Over the shoulder shots of Watson are used to show that he is always under the power of the man as he is standing over him and in charge of him. A two shot is used as it zooms out to show Watson steadying his hand and shows once again the relationship between the two men and how it has changed as he had moved closer and clearly unsettled Watson. The close-ups of Watson's face show that he does not make eye contact with the man, clearly showing he does not trust him and that he believes he could be dangerous. As the man walks away the camera tracks across to follow him and show him playing with his umbrella showing that he is not at all unsettled by the conversation and, unlike Watson, his status has remained unchanged. Shallow focus is used again to show Watson's face as he thinks over the man's offer but to show the woman approaching behind him and then the focus pulls as it changes to show her as she asks him his address. Another long shot is used to show Watson receive another text which this time he applies to. The clip ends on a tilt shot to show what Watson is looking at as it moves from his hand up to his face showing that he was thinking over what the man had said to him and that it has unsettled him which leaves the audience believing that Watson's status is lower than Sherlock's enemy's at the end compared to the start where they were equal.
The editing used in this shot is used to highlight the status of both characters and to highlight important areas. When Watson receives a text in this clip the writing of it appears on the screen to show the audience what it says and to show the hold that Sherlock has over Watson and his higher status. The texts are demanding of Watson as at first Sherlock asks him to come but then it changes to "if inconvenient come anyway" to show that he wasn't really asking him but rather, telling him. Shot reverse shot is used as an editing technique to make the conversation appear continuous and to show how they are both equal. Both characters try to keep their status and neither backs down which is shown through shot reverse shot as they are quick changes of the same shot, known as graphic match. Eye line match is also used as every time the shot switches it shows the other character but in the view of the other making them both appear equal. The editing used in this clip is fast paced as they both use one word answers and phrases to try and keep their status which means the editing is made up of short takes to show the struggle of power between the characters as both try to remain on top. The track used across Watson's face is used as expansion of time to try and make it seem like his thought process lasted longer than natural as he considers Sherlock's enemy's question and what to do next.
The man who calls himself Sherlock's enemy has an accent that highlights him to be of a higher class than Watson, he appears to be well spoken and contains his temper well unlike Watson. His voice and accent makes him appear calm and of a higher status than Watson who often sounds uneasy about the questions he is being asked and makes him seem as though he has done this before. The lines used in this clip show how the change in status is a constant battle as neither character wants to back down but how Sherlock's enemy has a natural edge as he not only was able to get Watson to come and meet him but knows a lot about him when he doesn't even tell Watson his name. The man first says to Watson  "I worry about him...constantly" which is referring to Sherlock and how he is not an enemy in the way that he wants to hurt him or beat him but he is worried about the trouble he will get into. The man also tells Watson that "You're very loyal..very quickly" which the audience could see to be used as a technique to make Watson doubt Sherlock and could convince him to be on his side. Watson, however, does not give in and tries to show his status as he says "are we done?" but the man does not give in and instead replies "you tell me" which appears to unsettle Watson so he leaves. But as he does the man tells him "I  can see from your left hand that's not going to happen" which intrigues Watson and so he turns back to the man. Watson quite sternly says to the man "dont" when he suggest to hold his hand to feel the tremor, this could be because he does not trust him and is unsure on what he is going to do or because Watson wants to keep his status and not give in to what he wants. Sherlock's enemy says "you walk with Sherlock Holmes you see the battle field" to which Watson replies "what's wrong with my hand", ignoring what he has just said and demanding to know why he wanted him to hold out his hand. This shows the audience that at this point in the clip the man has power over Watson and Watson is starting to doubt himself and letting his status slip which is shown when he says "who the hell are you" but then "how do you know that" when he realises he may have spoken out of turn. Sherlock's enemy says "welcome back" to Watson to imply that him siding with Sherlock is the adventure he needed like the war to stop the tremor in his hand that, he suggested, was down to him missing being apart of the war. When Anthea asks Watson his address he replies "bakers street, erm 221B bakers street" which shows that he is unsettled and is no longer thinking about what he is saying or is interested in giving himself a higher status.
Music is used throughout this clip in a discrete way as it remains quiet through the majority of it only getting louder slightly to create tension in parts of the clip where the conversation has stopped. This is used to make the audience feel like something bad is about to happen and also highlight the silence of the conversation.
This clip is quite dull and the colours are kept to a minimum as most objects in the clip are a dark blue or black aside from the faint yellow in the background of the setting. The lighting is dark and there is no natural light that appears to be used in this clip only lights above the character's heads which makes the setting of the empty warehouse seem more realistic. Sherlock's enemy's costume is a suit with tie which, similarly to his accent, makes him appear of a higher class and smarter to Watson who is dressed in a shirt and trousers but with a zipped up jacket. Alongside this, Watson is leant on his walking stick throughout most of the clip which gives him a slumped posture unlike the man. Although the man uses his umbrella similarly to how Watson uses his walking stick his umbrella appears much taller allowing him to keep his straight posture adding to his higher class. His umbrella is also used a prop to show how is calmer than Watson as often throughout the clip he moves it around and plays with it to show his freedom to be there unlike Watson. The man also brings out a book at one point in this clip which he claims has information about Watson in it "trust issues, it says here" but even then he has his umbrella hung on his other arm rather than putting it down. This also implies to the audience that the man may do something with the umbrella that would put Watson in his place if need be. At the end of the clip as he walks away he swings the umbrella around to show his attitude to the situation and how he is still in control and does what he wants. Anthea, who the audience sees in an earlier clip on the way to warehouse, has a phone which she always appears to be texting on to show that either she is too important to talk to Watson or to take an interest in what is going on or that she has been instructed not to get involved and so distracts her attention this way. Sherlock's enemy uses his facial expressions to project his status rather than explaining himself; for example when Watson says "don't" he simply raises his eyebrows and Watson conforms. Watson has a very stern expression through most of the clip that remains unchanged and does not show much change of emotion to what the other man is saying.

4 Areas of Textual Analysis

Textual Analysis Frame

Representation of class and status-Downton Abbey

Downton Abbey clip

Camera shots/movement
The clip starts with a panning shot of the man on the bike which leads up to the establishing shot of Downton Abbey to set the scene for the audience. This leads up to a crab shot of the high class woman who looks down onto the servant who rides past below. This shows the class difference as the man outside is filmed from a high angle to show that she has more power over him. The staff are filmed with a master shot as all characters are in shot and then it moves to close-ups as the characters begin to work. At 0.57 the character who appears to be in charge of the other staff are filmed from low angle to show that he is higher and so although they are all staff there is still a status difference as he is in charge as he is telling him what to do. As Lord Grantham walks down the stairs the camera zooms in to him and his whole journey is filmed to slow it down and to show that he has heard the bad news and he does not want to face it. A point of view shot is used to show Lord Grantham reading the newspaper and it shows the audience what he can see and what the news is he is talking about. At 3.00 it is shot in shallow focus as the women walking towards the room is not in focus whereas the people already in the room are to show that she is less significant as she does not know what has happened or who is hurt. As Lord Grantham leaves the room the other characters are filmed at a long shot to show that they are all confused about what has just happened and they are all left unaware. He is then followed using a tracking shot to show that he needs to go and speak to his wife and tell her what he has found out which is clearly important. At 3.49 focus pulls is used to switch focus between Lord Grantham and his wife and during the conversation every time the camera switches to Lady Grantham it gets closer to show how the news is sinking in and she finally realises what has just happened.

Sound:
At the start of the clip music is played, as non-diegetic sound, to make the bike ride smoother and the transition towards the house appear more elegant and to introduce what is to come acting like a sound bridge. These are placed with sound effects of the natural, diegetic sound of the man riding along the road on his bike and then as they enter the room the sound of the fire. The first line the audience hears is from the staff who says "and they're off" which shows his status and how he does not like having to cater for the family and he is fed up of it. Within the staff there are different levels of power and respect, this is seen through certain things different people say within the staff. For example, one woman asks the others for help and another replies with "I've got her ladyships to carry" which makes her seem more important than the others as she gets to personally deliver the ladyships breakfast whereas the other members of staff have to carry the various plates to the main room where they are dining. The downstairs breakfast room is accompanied with synchronous sound of pots being moved around as other members of staff carry them in/out to the family. Also, further in the clip the Charles Carlson, a butler, appears to take control over the other man who is ironing the newspapers. He tells him to "do the times first" and then to only do the others later if required which shows him to have power over the other and gives him a higher status than the other servants who look to him for guidance. When the man who is delivering the newspapers arrives he is late and when he is asked for an explanation he says "But...you'll see" showing he is going to explain it but then decides it would be better for them to read the news rather than finding out from him. One of the staff clearly shows the difference in status as when they are asked "why are the papers ironed?" she says that the lordships should not be as black as hers. This shows the audience that the staff are there to provide for the family and do the jobs that the family would not get their hands dirty doing. The transition between the busy staff downstairs and the lordship is shown through music which highlights to the audience the change of status and how it is suddenly calmer as he does not have those things to worry about. When the butler says most of the ladies had been saved from the ship the lord corrects him by saying "you mean the ladies and first class", showing how he believes they are more important than the lower class people. This is also shown when her ladyship says "surely they were picked up" to the news that her friends may have been on the ship and not saved.

Editing:
Parallel editing is used in this clip to show the difference between the higher class family and the working class staff. For instance, during the start of the clip where the servant on the bike and the women in the family waking up are edited in parallel to show they are happening at the same time but to show the different types of mornings. This is also shown in cross cutting as when she goes to the window the shot changes to him cycling past to show how they are happening in time.
Action match is used similarly when she rings her bell and the shot changes to the clip downstairs where the first bell rings to show it is in sequence.
Continuity editing is also used to show how the morning goes and although some clips are edited alongside each other it runs in time order and the events happen after each other as the characters find out the news.
Shot-reverse-shot is used during the breakfast scene downstairs to show how chaotic it is once the family are awake and how unlike it is like the families morning. It is used with short takes to show how the conversations are quick and show the fast pace of the work downstairs with lower class.
Eye line match is used during the breakfast scene when the Lord is looking at the newspaper and the news of the Titanic but then the camera shot changes to view the newspaper and the picture of the ship to show the audience what he is referring to.
This could also be seen as a motivated cut as the audience wants to see what the news is about and what the Lord is reading in the news.

Mise en scene:
The first two frames from this clip show the difference in status immediately as there is a member of staff who had to get up early to go and collect the papers for the family and the women who had woken up inside the house who looks down to him. The man is shown darker than the background in the first frame whereas the woman is in more light than the background which shows the difference in status.
Her position of status is also shown through her costume which appears to be silk and, unlike the staff shown later in the clip, white showing how her clothing can be more delicate as they can be looked after or replaced unlike the members of staff which may only have a few different outfits they have to wear over and over. The staff's costume is basic with dark clothing, dresses for the women and suits for the men, with an apron over the top to protect their outfit from stains that they will undoubtedly encounter as they complete their daily chores.
The hair also signifies the difference in class as the family have their hair in different intricate designs once they are awake and it looks like it took some time to produce. The staff however have there’s slick back so it does not get in the way of their chores and they probably didn’t have as much time to do anything fancy with it.
The difference is status is also highlighted through the different breakfast scenes where the staff has to dine at once and do not have an option of different meals. Furthermore when the family ring to say they are ready for breakfast the staff have to go and cater to them whether they have finished their breakfast or not whereas the family would not have to do this. The family arrive at different stages during breakfast to show they have a greater freedom of choice compared to the staff who work for them.

Columbia Pictures

columbia pictures | Create Infographics

The Grand Budapest Hotel

Mise en scene-American Beauty

• Colour

 The colours in this shot are quite neutral, the curtains and background are plain colours compared to the bright red flowers in the middle of the table. This shows that these are center of attention and suggest something in this image, they could suggest love and anger which are common in families. The tablecloth is blue which could represent how cold the family is and how they don't get on well but it could also suggest how they try to create a calmer atmosphere. 

• Costume

Both of the adults are wearing formal clothes compared to the girl who appears to be in a jumper showing her age and how she is less formal then her parents. The daughter is wearing red and white stripes which signify innocence and danger showing how she is at the age where she is transitioning from a child to an adult. The mother appears to be wearing a silk shirt which suggests wealth and how she tries to impress. In the picture you can see the man's wedding ring but you cannot see the woman's which could suggest their relationship isn't very strong.

• Lighting

The lighting in this image is artificial as the room is lit by candlelight instead of using the lamp in the background. This suggests that the family is trying to create a better atmosphere for the meal to try and improve their relationship. The image is dark at either side where the parents are sat to show that there relationship is not very good and they do not feel the same way about each other as they do about their daughter who is lit more.

• Body language/posture

The daughter has her arms crossed which show how she does not want to be there and how she is annoyed at her parents. The father also shows this behavior from his clenched fists which represent anger in comparison to the mother who appears to look nervous from her hands. The mother appears to have good posture compared to the child who is slumped showing the age difference in how they are represented.

• Framing

The image is very symmetrical as there is equal candles either side of the daughter which creates a frame around the daughter. The long table also shows the distance between the mother and father and creates a frame for their relationship as they do not see eye-to-eye.

• Hair and makeup

The daughter is wearing red lipstick and black eyeliner to show how she rebels against her parents formal style and how she is representing danger. This could be down to her age or showing her character's personality. Her hair is in a ponytail which could suggest laziness or innocence as she has not done anything with it to try and impress anyone. The mother appears to have made more of an effort than her daughter, her hair appears to be styled and her make-up is basic but traditional showing the type of person she is.

• Setting and props

The image is set in the dining room of the family to show that the dinner is important to them as they are not in a room with a television or anything that could distract them from the dinner or take away any chance of conversation. The candles and individual food items show the effort that the family has put into the meal and therefore highlighting its importance. The wine is positioned closer to the mum suggesting how she drinks it and maybe the father does not as much.

• Facial expressions

The mother and daughter both look angry but the daughter more so. Her face suggests that she does not wish to be there and shows how her relationship with her father is not that good. The father looks like he is trying to be civil with both the child and mother as his face is calm but his hands suggest frustration.

The Streets-examples of editing

The clip is shot in continuity as everything appears to happen in the correct time order and everything happens one thing after another rather than anything being interrupted.
Shallow focus is used right at the start of the clip to show the barbed wire fence and make it seem more daunting and powerful compared to the people behind it who are blurred.

Eye line match is used first to show what the man is looking at but then it changes to action match editing as the man is listening in to the other two men have a conversation at first and so the two shots are filmed alongside each other to make it seem like he is listening at certain points during the conversation not before or after.


Once he comes over shot/reverse shot is used to film the conversation from the characters different points of view and to make it seem natural for the audience. Towards the end of this clip short takes are used to show how the tension is building and how Nick is getting angry with the other man for his excuses to hire him.

A cutaway edit is used to put the next scene in which is not immediately relevant to the first as it is a shot of the lady.

Expansion of time appears to be used here as after the women shouts at Nick there appears to be a longer time spent between them before Nick gets up and leaves. This is used to show the awkwardness of the situation and to echo what the women has just said.

Match cut editing is used to swap between the shot behind Nick as he walks away and in front of him as he walks towards the camera to show the two different perspectives of, at first, what the women is seeing as he walks away and she gets up to follow him and then the shot in front as he tells her to stop digging and to leave him alone.

Short takes are used in the scene where Nick is walking through the crowd to show different peoples perspectives of him and there reaction to him, it also makes it seem a lot quicker and so builds the tension. the fast cutting rhythm makes the audience believe that Nick is noticing the looks and he is getting more frustrated with them.

 In the last scene shot/reverse shot is used again to show the conversation between the two men and to make it seem as natural as possible. It is also used as graphic match as the shot of the man that the audience can see is what the person sat on the opposite side would be able to see, showing their point of view. The cutting rhythm of this scene is quite slow and repetitive as it follows the same rhythm as the camera switches between each man and the conversation builds.

The cutting rhythm changes towards the end as Nick starts to gain more power as he gets more frustrated with the Sargent's responses. In the clip there are now more shots of Nick and for longer than there is of the Sargent which shows Nick has the power as often the Sargent only responds with one word answers.

Representation of disability within textual analysis-The Streets

Camera shots:
The first shot is a close up of the fence which is in shallow focus as the background is blurry. This shot showing the barbed wire makes the audience believe that it is dangerous and the audience is viewing something they shouldn't be. The next shot is similar as the audience can see a shot of a man behind the fence watching the conversation happen showing that he should not be listening in. At 0.17 the shots change from a master shot, showing the conversation with all three characters involved and then point of view shots as the camera zooms in to different facial expressions showing their reactions to the conversation. For instance, at 0.32 where there is a close up of the man in the vehicle who raises his eyebrow to clearly show awkwardness of the fact they do not wish to rehire him due to his disability.
The start of the next scene is shot at a high angle which makes the women seem vulnerable  which is also confirmed by when he scares her as he appears. Then there is a tracking action as the women tries to explain herself but the man clearly doesn't want to hear it as he keeps trying to get away shown by the camera's movement.
As the man walks through the crowds, filmed at a long shot, there are close-ups of various people's expressions as they notice the man and his scar (2.12).
The conversation between the two men sat at the desk remains at the same height/angle showing their point of view as they speak normally until he says "I scare people" which is when the camera zooms into their faces and the point of view shots are closer than before. This shows that the atmosphere has changed now, the man has brought up his scare and says that he can use it to scare others which shows how he has suddenly started to intimidate the other man who before appeared to have more power. Every time the man mentions scaring other people the camera shot is on the side of his face with the scar to show the audience what he means to use to scare them.
Sound:
The first thing the man says to Nick is "You around? What for?" which shows he wasn't expecting him to come and ask for his old job back and he wasn't pleased to see him unlike the other man who says "you alright mate?". When Nick asks how work is going his friend replies "bit rough at the minute mate" which the driver agrees to which makes the audience believe they are only saying as they do not wish to rehire him. This is also highlighted when he says "well it couldn't be your old wage" even if they did rehire him to try and further put him off from taking the job. This could be because of his scar and therefore the other men didn't want him working for them as they felt that this disability could put people off asking them to work. Nick knows the real reasons for the men not wanting him to work and shows this when he tells them to "fuck off" rather than taking the lower paid job or accepting it.
When he makes the women jump she is quick to say that it wasn't because of his scar. She says "Nick, I'd have screamed no matter who it was" trying to explain that it wasn't because of his disability. She said "God sake, you frightened the life out of me" which she then regrets as she tries to chase after him and gives a long list of other reasons why she would have jumped. Nick tells her to "stop digging" three times throughout their conversation which shows the audience that he is not interested in her excuses which could portray that these type of reactions have happened before.
When Nick is walking through the crows there is dramatic music which makes it more tense and the audience watches other people stare at the man with the scare. It shows how doing a simple thing like walking through a popular place is hard for the man as everyone looks at him and it also shows to the audience that he is getting annoyed by it as the music gets faster.
Nick says to the Sargent that he is "ugly...now" showing the audience that he hasn't always had the scare and so he hasn't always been used to being treated the way. He tells him how he has women scream at him because it is noticeable but when he asked the army for compensation (obviously how the man received the scar) they "can hardly notice it then, obviously" showing how he knew they would not give him any. Nick says "I've got the perfect face for a squadding, ugly and scary" and refers to it as a "hacker" that other people would use to scare people. This shows the audience how he is ashamed of the scar and how he knows it scares people so he may as well use it for that.
Editing:
The clip is shot in continuity as everything appears to happen in the correct time order and everything happens one thing after another rather than anything being interrupted.
Eye line match is used first to show what the man is looking at but then it changes to action match editing as the man is listening in to the other two men have a conversation at first and so the two shots are filmed alongside each other to make it seem like he is listening at certain points during the conversation not before or after. Once he comes over shot/reverse shot is used to film the conversation from the characters different points of view and to make it seem natural for the audience. Towards the end of this clip short takes are used to show how the tension is building and how Nick is getting angry with the other man for his excuses to hire him.
A cutaway edit is used to put the next scene in which is not immediately relevant to the first as it is a shot of the lady. Expansion of time appears to be used here as after the women shouts at Nick there appears to be a longer time spent between them before Nick gets up and leaves. This is used to show the awkwardness of the situation and to echo what the women has just said.
Match cut editing is used to swap between the shot behind Nick as he walks away and in front of him as he walks towards the camera to show the two different perspectives of, at first, what the women is seeing as he walks away and she gets up to follow him and then the shot in front as he tells her to stop digging and to leave him alone.
Short takes are used in the scene where Nick is walking through the crowd to show different peoples perspectives of him and there reaction to him, it also makes it seem a lot quicker and so builds the tension. It makes the audience believe that Nick is noticing the looks and he is getting more frustrated with them.
In the last scene shot/reverse shot is used again to show the conversation between the two men and to make it seem as natural as possible. It is also used as graphic match as the shot of the man that the audience can see is what the person sat on the opposite side would be able to see, showing their point of view. The cutting rhythm of this scene is quite slow and repetitive as it follows the same rhythm as the camera switches between each man and the conversation builds. The cutting rhythm changes towards the end as Nick starts to gain more power as he gets more frustrated with the Sargent's responses. In the clip there are now more shots of Nick and for longer than there is of the Sargent which shows Nick has the power as often the Sargent only responds with one word answers. Mise en scene:
The lighting in the office where the two men work is striped which makes the audience believe the natural light is being let in through blinds creating the stripes. This makes the setting more natural and life like, making it more believable for the person watching. It also creates a darker light which matches the intimidating atmosphere created by what Nick says.
The clothes of the characters in this clip match what the audience would expect them to be. The men in the building yard appear to be in scruffy clothes and some are wearing high visibility jackets which is what they would be normally seen in when doing that kind of work. Nick is wearing casual clothes showing he had no where to be and therefore did not want to dress smarter but it also shows how he thought he may have got his old job back and so needed to wear that. The women who is unpacking the car appears to be a mother which is represented by her casual, everyday clothes and she has her hair tied back which shows she did not put a lot of effort in as she was busy with other things. Her sons are dressed in similar outfits which may suggest they are not very wealthy as they all seem to be dressed simply. The Sargent is the only character who appears to be dressed more formally, he is wearing traditional army camouflage which highlights his position and automatic dominance over the others.
Nick walks out of the building yard with his hands in his pockets and slightly bent over which shows that he is annoyed at what has just happened and he is not in a good mood. This is similar to when he is in the office with the Sargent as the Sargent is sat up straight and close to the desk whereas Nick is sat with his leg on the chair and leaning back in his chair. This is until he starts to talk about his scar and leans forward to the Sargent to appear more threatening and aggressive.
The setting in this clip is what you would expect to find for the character, he visits everyday places or places that would position him as less powerful e.g. asking for a job at a building yard and even when he is in the Sargent's office there are other people that appear to be sat at the back waiting to show he is in the same position as many others.

Stereotypes of disability in TV drama

• The disabled person as pitiable or pathetic

This is a common stereotype of disabled people as due to their disability people may look at them as being unable to do things for themselves and therefore pity them. An example of this would b
e within the inbetweeners episode 'Larks in the park' where the disabled lady who gets hit with a Frisbee appears to be pitied by the boys playing football nearby who come to her recuse when Will tries to steal his Frisbee back. Also she could be viewed as pathetic in the way that she was unable to fight back and heavily relied on her friend to make justice.
A counter type for this would be Walter White Jr from Breaking bad who creates a website in order to take donations to fight his fathers cancer, his efforts appear successful making him not appear pathetic at all as he does a good job as receiving donations.

• His/her own worst enemy

This is often used as a stereotype when the character is seen to not believe in themselves and often throws away any chance of doing what they want to do due to lack of self confidence. This happens as the character believes that because of their disability they are not as good as other people and therefore they become their own worst enemy.

• Sinister or evil

A stereotype of disability would be that the character becomes evil in hope to gain power over people who may not be in the same position as them. This is often used when the person has been belittled and they try to 'take over the world' in order to prove their dominance and to show that they are in fact more able than other people. An example of this would be John Lumic who is a villain in doctor who and was paralysed and therefore slowly dying. In this TV drama he creates the Cyber men which he used to try and take over London and receive the people's energy to keep him alive and stronger than anyone else.
A counter-type for this would be Artie from Glee who appears to be loved by all of his friends and shows throughout the series his willingness to be there for them or anyone who needs it. This shows how he is not viewed as sinister or evil but as a kind and trustworthy person.

• Burden

Someone with a disability are often viewed as a burden to those around who they heavily rely on. Particularly those in a wheelchair have to rely on other people around them to assist them with everyday tasks such as getting to/from places. An example of this would be in the show Secret diary of a call girl where a disabled boy is brought to the women's house by his father. The awkwardness of this situation is shown here and it is clear that the boy would much rather have come on his own especially when his father has to lift him into the bed and then kisses him goodbye in front of the girl he is trying to impress.
A counter-type for this would be Walter White. Jr from Breaking Bad who insists on being called Flynn and asks his friends to teach him how to drive so he can be independent and not have to rely on his parents or anyone else.

• The super cripple

This is a stereotype where although the person has a disability they are still able to do amazing things and often will do something that is admired by many people. It shows how they have not let their disability hold them back and is often used as a stereotype to prove that someone with a disability is just as capable as anyone else.

• As Non-sexual

A stereotype for disability would be that the person is viewed as non-sexual because of their position. Many people may believe that because someone is in a wheelchair they are not viewed in the same way as someone without a disability would be and therefore are looked at as non-sexual as well as some people believing that they are unable to do something that a non-disabled person could do. An example of this would be Blake from the secret diary of a call girl who says he is "not that used to be touched" showing how he has not experienced anything like that before and how it is not normal for him.
A counter-type for this would be Artie from Glee who has had a relationship with nine girls throughout the series of Glee including popular, co-captain of the Cheerios Brittany Pierce. This shows how he is viewed as a sexual figure in the show and the girls he has dated were not put off or embarrassed by his disability.

Representation of disability within a clip-The Inbetweeners

Why is the clip funny?

This clip is funny because Will tries to represent himself as the dominant character by insisting playing Frisbee over football will win over the girls. Then not only is he proved wrong when the girls do not look interested to play but it also goes very wrong for him when it hits the disabled lady. It is funny due to the change in power of Will as he goes from leader of the group to someone very venerable as the women shouts and him and no longer respected by his friends. Moreover, the idea that Will does not give up on trying to receive his Frisbee and insisting he has a receipt to prove it when he is being chased makes it more amusing for the audience. 

How is the disabled girl being represented?

The disabled lady is being represented as helpless and vulnerable as not only does her friend stand up to Will for her but also the boys playing football. The lady is shown to be in distress when she is hit by the Frisbee and does not appear to be angry at Will herself unlike her friend; she relies on her friend to make it right and emphasises the reliance on her friend by leaning into her and letting her make justice for her. However, she does try and hold onto the Frisbee showing how she was one step ahead and would not Will take it back.

Are we meant to laugh at the disabled person?

I believe that the audience is supposed to laugh at Will and how this game has gone disastrously wrong for him rather than laughing at the disabled person. The audience cannot help but laugh when the disabled lady is hit but not because she is hurt or disrespected but because of how bad it immediately makes Will look. The various shots of the different characters expressions around when she gets hit highlight how awkward the situation is for Will and is echoed by the fact he immediately starts apologising even though he is no where near the girl yet. The audience does laugh at the disabled person for example, when she is first hit and then when she holds onto the Frisbee when Will wants it back but at both times Will is trying to show off and take control of a situation but it has gone the opposite way to planned and therefore makes the audience laugh at him. I believe that if it had hit any other person the audience would still have laughed however the joke would not have worked the same way if it had of hit someone who was able to fight back at Will or someone who was unaffected by it and accepted his apology.

Are they the 'butt' of the joke?

I do not believe the disabled lady is directly the butt of the joke as the main target is Will and how it all went wrong for him. Although the audience is not directly laughing at her pain and disrespect they cannot help but laugh when it all goes wrong for Will and for this to happen the Frisbee must have hit someone who would not have been easily able to defend themselves which is why I believe a disabled person was chosen.

How do you think disabled people respond to this?

I think that a disabled person would laugh at this scene because of how Will is portrayed; the scene does not directly disrespect the disabled person and she is actually shown to be more respected than Will as the other boys playing football help her when they believe that he is stealing her Frisbee. It may have been offensive to some people to have the Frisbee hit the disabled person but I believe it had to have been an innocent person that may be helpless for this act to make Will seem like such a bad person and this is how disabled people are often viewed.

Are we as a society cultivated to think we should pity the disabled?

I think that we are a society that think the disabled should be pitied to some extent; disabled people are shown to need extra help when it comes to doing certain things and although the idea of the disabled person in this clip makes them appear very vulnerable and helpless not all disabled people would have reacted the same way. Many disabled people are just as able to do the same things and act the same way as people without a disability however they are looked upon different because of their situation. I do not believe that the way disabled people are looked at is a bad thing, I think that most people would help disabled people if they needed it as the circumstances are clearly very different for them and therefore they have to be treated slightly differently as people may feel as though they have to respect them more and look out for them. This is shown in this clip where the boys playing football automatically help. However, they should not be pitied in a way that makes them seem like they cannot do anything for themselves as they should be just as respected as any person without a disability.

Representation of gender-Luther

Camera shots/movement:
Both clips start with close-ups of the character's faces showing different emotions. In the first clip the shot is of Alice who looks smug and is obviously in control asking Luther questions about her dog which is irrelevant but he answers anyway doing as she asks making Luther the weak character here; in comparison to Ian who is answering the questions from Luther and is not in control. In the first clip point of view is used to frequently to show that Luther is studying Alice and is trying to work out whether or not she will have committed the crime, this is seen first when Alice is placing her dog's ashes in the room and then again at 1.46 to close in on her face and again at 2.37 when she is stood silently and he moves around her which is shot using a pan movement. Similarly the shots at the start of the second clip are used to show how Luther is studying Ian and how he is trying to get him to conform. At 0.46 Luther moves the gun up to Ian's forehead which makes Ian panic and shows the audience how he is scared, this shows Luther's control over him, also at 1.08 Luther moves Ian to show his power over him and how he doesn't need a gun to kill him as he could do it with his bare hands if he wanted to. From both of these occurrences Luther is seen to be dominant over the others as he is the one studying them and how he moves around them to create different emotions for the others. In both clips over the shoulder shots are used to show the conversation and how it quickly moves as it becomes balanced as the power changes between them. During the first clip Alice draws Luther in firstly by mentioning the black hole and the power it has to reduce anything to nothing, metaphorically linking herself to the black hole. This shows her gaining power and is portrayed firstly by the zoom on the picture and then a zoom into her as she closes her hands together. After this she continues to gain power by bringing up Luther's wife, this appears to draw him in and is shown, once again, through the zoom of Alice's face at 1.47. At 1.56 Alice is shown to almost have complete power over Luther as she seduces him until there is a sudden long shot which shows how quickly the tension was broken after he said "no". The tension is also quickly broken in the second clip where it changes form the fast pace action of the fight between Luther and Ian to Alice entering and with one word stopping Ian from attacking Luther. When Alice enters at this point, 1.56, she is shown to have power over both of the men (not traditionally seen within gender representation), Luther because he is injured and cannot stop her from using the gun, and Ian as she knows what he has done and she gets to decide his fate. At the end of the first clip it ends on Luther's face as he realises that Alice is threatening him and although the shot shows him at an equal height to Alice the audience knows she had more power from his facial expression. However, at the end of the second clip the power is shown more directly as after the shooting there is an extreme long shot where it shows Alice stood tall, Mark stood covering his ears, Luther holding his wound bent over and Ian laying on the ground. This distribution of height shows clearly that Alice is the dominant one as she caused this and she was the one to decide what happened to Ian and clearly shows both Ian, who lost his life, and Luther, who was injured and could not convince Alice to not shoot Ian, as weak characters.
Sound:
From the word "black hole" in the first clip there is background music that is introduced to build tension and to make her seem more daunting. Also when she is describing the black hole she claps her hands together; this sound is magnified to make it more noticeable to the audience and therefore highlights the word "nothing" which foreshadows what Luther will become. The background music plays out and gets significantly louder at "It is because you shine so bright?" which seems to be the key point of this scene and shows how their relationship changed through the scene.
In the second clip non-diegetic music is also used over the natural action to create tension and to produce emotive feelings in the audience. At first there is similar tension building music that gets louder, especially when Luther almost kills Ian which stops as Ian pulls out a knife to stab Luther, but then more peaceful music is played when Alice appears and talks to Ian which at first appears to calm him down. However then it becomes more sinister as the audience realises she is debating to kill Ian and therefore it ends at "do I pull the trigger or not?". The gun shot is greatly amplified to signify the dramatics of what has just happened and it is partnered with an overlay of a song that only the audience can hear to show something of great significance has just happened. The song is also related to what has happened as the lyric is "no one alive can always be an angel" which signifies all the bad things the characters around have done and as the song is about being misunderstood it could represent how Alice was wrong to kill him as she only saw the things he had done from one perspective.
In both of the clips there are certain phrases that are used to make Alice appear mentally unstable, for example when she is describing the black hole. "When I first heard that I thought that was evil in its purest form" makes the audience believe that she has changed her mind about the black hole being evil foreshadowing how she may have done something bad but she does not believe she is evil for doing it; also she asks Luther if he was referring to her as someone he has seen madness within. Luther also uses other phrases such as "You will never be able to understand love", "it was a compulsion, you did it 'cus you needed to do it" which make Alice appear inhuman and as though she has something wrong with her. Furthermore she appears unstable by the way she tells Luther that she would "be hurt and angry" if he threatens her, the way she asks if his wife left him because he "shines so bright" and she says Luther will not come for her if "I come for you first".
Luther appears to have changed dramatically through these clips as he goes from acting rational in the first clip with Alice to acting as unstable as Alice is to him in the second clip with Ian. He states that Ian "can't choose" his own fate as it is all down to him and he also says "you can't play me" and "you cant' make me shoot you" to remind Ian that he has the power and there is nothing he can say or do that will make him change his mind.
Editing:
The editing used within both of these clips is continuity as it is set out in a logical order that describes the story to the user in an order that would occur in the real life of the story.
Throughout both of these clips shot/reverse shot is used to show the conversations between the characters and to show how the power is distributed and there fight for the dominance.
Moreover, short takes are used to keep the pace of the action quick and keep the audience up to date with the drama that is going on; it is especially used in the second clip when the audience does not know whether, at first, Luther will hurt Ian and then whether Alice will shoot him or not.
Mise en scene:
When the couple first enter Alice's house she asks if they are being listened to and then whether Luther is there to interrogate her. When he says no she calls him a liar which shows the user she either has previous reasons not to trust him and therefore knows his reasons for being there or she does not trust him straight away showing that she is a private person that does not easily let anyone in to her secrets.
When Alice describes seeing Luther with a ring to show he was married she uses hand actions which make her appear like she is enforcing it more, making sure that he knows exactly what she is talking about and to make him feel uncomfortable. Also it may have been to suggest that she did not have a ring there showing the sexual tension between the two of them which is shown more clearly later in the scene where the two pause close together after Alice says "Did you come here for sex?".
Luther's reply to the comment about his wife is "I'm not here to discuss that" but when she asks if he's handsome he replies "if you like that kind of thing" which shows he did want to talk about it at first but it may have been a relief to have someone ask about it especially when she says "are you in pain?". It also shows her power over him where by not giving up asking questions Alice got an answer out of him that he did not want her to know. During this part of the conversation, 1.37, Luther takes his coat off which suggests he was going to stay for a while to talk with Alice however, only two minutes later at 3.34 he picks up his coat and leaves which suggests to the audience that the conversation did not go as planned for Luther. It shows how her power made him feel uncomfortable and how he did not want to stay and be manipulated by her anymore as it unsettled him.
Luther suggests that Alice kept the gun as a compulsory decision, something she could not control. He suggests how she would have kept it as a trophy, as something to be proud of for what she had done which shows the audience what kind of person Alice is and shows how she needs material things to prove that she has power.
Throughout the first clip Alice refers to Luther's wife which gives her power as he is clearly unsettled by this conversation and Alice quickly learns that this is his weak point. She uses this topic of conversation to win power over him when she feels threatened for example when he threatens her at 3.11 she brings up why his wife left and from this Luther turns and leaves.
In the second scene Ian does not seem phased by Luther and provokes him in a way similar to how Alice did in the first clip, by mentioning his wife. But, when Alice enters he is immediately under her control. This could either be because he knows what kind of person Alice is and he does not wish to mess with her like Luther because he knows he cannot win or because she has the gun. The gun automatically gives Alice a lot of power and is shown by the fact that none of the men try to take control over her to make the decision even though Luther shows clearly he feels she is making the wrong choice. The gun gives Alice power that she may not have had before being a women as the men are normally dominant over her but this gives her the edge.
The first clip is filmed in a private apartment which shows the conversation to be more discreet and something they want to keep between the two of them whereas the second scene appears to be shot in a train station or something similar which is more open and public. It shows how the death of Ian needed to be a statement and something to be feared giving Alice the power, as she kills him, but also Luther as he set out to scare and then arrest Ian in the beginning.

Representation of gender-Wire in the blood

Camera shots/movement:
The start of the clip shows a tracking shot of the two people coming out of the house arguing, moving from over the wall to in front of the people. It is also a point of view shot showing the view of them arguing seen by all the other police officers on the case. It immediately shows the power of the two people which goes against the male gaze in this case as the women appears to be in charge over the man. This then changes to a close up of the women's face to show her frustration against the man and then it switches to an over the shoulder shot, making the audience feel awkward as they are in the middle of the conversation and therefore the argument. The power changes at the next shot as the women goes to give orders to the team but the man believes he is not needed so leaves and its only when she asks him to stay that he says he will look at the work. It zooms into her face to show her desperation as she says "please" to get the man to do what she wants, showing his power and the traditional male gaze of the male having power over the female. The clip ends with an establishing/high angled shot of the scene showing the audience the scene of the police officers and showing the audience the chaos which the women thought she had under control.
The next scene is a mix of close ups of the evidence the man is looking at, close ups of his face when he figures out what each one represents and long shots of him moving around trying to work them out. It is put together using the tracking shot of him walking around to show his stress and the chaos of the case as he tries to work it out. The final shot of him is at a low angle which shows he is dominant as he has worked out what each thing means towards the case and showing the traditional male gaze of the man being able to sort something out when the women could not.
There is an establishing shot to show the change of scenery as the car pulls up to the abandoned house, the men are filmed at a low angled shot as they break in showing that they clearly have a lot of power and the people they are about to face are weak. These men are viewed in the male gaze as they appear to be dangerous and dominant towards the people in the house and project a lot of fear towards them and anyone else who would upset them.
Sound:
Non diegetic sound is used  to overlap the beginning scenes in this clip to make it seem more mysterious and creepy for the audience watching. This is also used during the evidence scene getting louder to build tension and to make it seem like he is slowly figuring out the answers and working out the case. Similar tension building music is also used in the scene where the two men enter the house to make them appear more violent and fearful. This quickly switches to the care free music of popcorn popping and TV background music to the man babysitting the child, this shows the difference between the scenes. This shows the difference in the male gaze as the males in the house are the traditional male gaze showing strength and power compared to the man babysitting who appears to have no control over the child and popcorn and is not respected as much as the other men.
Editing:
The shots in this scene are cross-cut simply showing the quick changes of shots and the quick decisions that are being made. Also it is used to show a two way conversation and to switch between each character showing their facial expressions.
During the scene where the men enter the house there is a cut to past shot which shows the 'man who gives the orders' to have been locked up when the man asked what happened to him. This could show a previous episode and what happened to him or only something that man knows that has actually happened to the leader.
Most of this clip is fast pace showing the fast past of the police case that is happening. It uses jump cuts to quickly switch between different shots such as in the scene where the man is looking at the pieces of evidence and quickly figuring out what one means before moving onto the next.
Mise en scene:
The women appears to have authority at the start of this clip as she tells the other police officers what to do. The police uniform the men are wearing automatically gives them authority and by her ordering them shows the audience that she is in charge and that she has power.
At the start of the scene with the child the women is shown to have the power as she gets the man to babysit even though he says "me?" showing he doesn't want to/feel like he should. This gives her the power and which goes against the male gaze however, this changes later on in this scene when the child tells the man about the previous nanny. The women refused to explain why the nanny had left but the child easily tells the man about it, giving him the power and undermining the women which shows the traditional male gaze.The house in this scene is also very messy as she tells her child to put the toys away before she 'breaks her neck'. This resembles her chaotic job and lifestyle as she often is unsure on what's going on, also it goes against the common stereotype of the male gaze that the women should stay at home and keep a tidy household showing she is clearly to busy for this with her job.
In the abandoned house shot the lighting is dark which automatically makes the audience assume something bad is going to happen and making them more cautious. The males that enter the abandoned house show their automatic dominance by the way that they act and the way they treat the other people in this house, this leads to them being viewed in the traditional male gaze way.

The male gaze, Beyoncé-Drunk in love

Camera shots:
When the video first starts there is a close up shot of the waves which signifies danger and makes the audience feel cautious. The first shot of Beyoncé is a tilt shot, it starts at her head and then moves down to her feet as she gets closer, always showing the trophy. This shows that the trophy is the important thing for the audience to notice rather than Beyoncé and her face at first; it shows her to be less important than the trophy showing how she is objectified by the trophy signalising how she is denied of her identity . The next shot of her is from a high angled shot which shows her to be less powerful and as she is bent over in the sand it makes her appear weak. Close up shots of the trophy follow this which highlights its importance and shows that it is more important to the story than Beyoncé herself as the start showing how the male gaze traditionally works. At 1.18 there are multiple shots of Beyoncé either close up shots of her facial expressions or of the whole of her where her body language suggests vulnerability and adds to the idea of her being weak. At 1.42 she holds the trophy above her head which makes the audience believe that she has won it and suggests that she is also the trophy which leads to her being objectified and shown as an award for someone of higher dominance e.g. a male. At 1.50 she begins to appear more sexual in the video and the shots of her show her body and show how she is being filmed to show certain parts of her body to show how she is only admired for her physical appearance. This shows that this is more important than what she is singing or what she is doing as it is all modelled around her physical appearance. Beyoncé is constantly shot within the water such as at 2.15 which shows how she is powerless against the waves around her and it also adds an element of danger which again, shows her weakness. At 2.24 Beyoncé is filmed with a close up showing how she is viewed sexually and is an attractive object for a male to view rather than a dominant character which shows the male gaze. At 2.20 Beyoncé is filmed from a low angled shot which makes her appear more powerful and from here the shots of her become further back and show her to appear more open and less nervous. She begins to dance around 2.33 which shows her to have more freedom and to be more open with the audience which goes against the male view as she starts to become more dominant in the video. She is stood in an open space and appears powerful as she is in charge of it as there is no one around her and she is no longer being affected by anything. At 2.54 she walks towards the camera which shows her dominance and the camera tracks her movements which shows how she is in control. The high angled shots of Beyoncé now only appear when she is being viewed in a sexual way (3.26) which is traditionally how the male gaze would view her and shows how when she is under the male gaze she is less powerful and is controlled by having only a small amount of movement compared to when she is stood on the beach moving around (3.32). At 4,10 Jay Z is introduced to the video and Beyoncé plays up to her role of being under the male gaze as she is leaning on him and listening to everything he is saying showing how she is reliant on him as he is male and therefore dominant. Beyoncé also shows to only speak after he has (4.21) and repeat what he is saying showing his influence on her and showing how she respects him by looking up to him, 4.26. At 5.04 he puts him arm around Beyoncé but not in a way that symbolizes how he cares for her or wants to protect her but more to show that she is his and to show how he has possession of her. Beyoncé does not reject this and instead takes advantage of him wanting to show his dominance over her and she appears to feel safer with him,6.05, and she continues to be more open with his presence, showing more of her dancing rather than her being viewed in a sexual way.
Editing:
Smoke is used at 1.53 to create a more unusual setting that appears more mysterious and adds an element of danger. Its also used later on at 2.32 but appears to be a lot quicker and aggressive which helps to show how Beyoncé's attitude has changed and how she is more free now than she was before.
This video is filmed in black and white and therefore shows the setting to be a darker and more mysterious place which allows for the aspect of danger within the song/video. It also adds to the idea of Beyoncé being viewed as a sexual object and the lyrics being based around sexual desires as it is dark and gives the impression of it happening at night where no one will see as it is something to be hidden and not acceptable during the day.
Sound:
At the start of the song there is no singing and is just the natural sound of waves before a backing noise starts to play which is an creepy sound and as it gets higher pitch it builds tension and makes the audience feel cautious of what is going to happen in the video. This is broken by the title image and introduces the song.
The lyrics in the song suggest two things, danger and sexual desires. 
This can be seen from the things that she puts in the lyrics that either show she is scared or represent something that causes danger such as 'cigars on ice, cigars on ice'. Cigars are something which causes damage to the body and by having them 'on ice' shows that there is no shortage of them and how they can have as many of them as they like which shows they do not care about the possible dangers. 
Another lyric is 'how the hell did this shit happen?' which shows how she was unaware of what she has done and shows how she was clearly under the influence. This shows danger and she has done something that she did not realise and is obviously something she regrets as she describes it as "shit".
Beyoncé also shows danger through the lyric 'if you scared, call that reverend' which shows the audience that someone is afraid of something that could or already has happened. 
The song also suggests a lot of sexual desire through the lyrics of 'I want you', 'drunk in love we be all night', 'our beautiful bodies' and 'No complaints from my body'.
The end of the song ends by playing the sound of waves which is the first thing the audience hears at the start of the song.
Mise en scene:
When the audience first sees Beyoncé she is holding a trophy which makes her appear to be an award and shows how the male gaze views women as being an accessory for a male and being a prize.
Throughout the video Beyoncé is wearing a black bikini with a transparent long, skirt over her legs which shows a traditional outfit for the place it is being filmed, the beach, but also adds to the idea of her being viewed as a sexual object and weak as she is not wearing anything to give her power or authority.
This is in comparison to Jay Z who is wearing wearing clothing rather than swimwear and even has jewellery to suggest his wealth or power in comparison to Beyoncé. Beyoncé also goes in and out of the water which means her hair and outfit gets wet which makes her appear like she does not care about her appearance whereas Jay Z does not and looks smart in comparison.
Also throughout the video Beyoncé appears to play up to the camera by walking up to it and looking directly into shot whereas Jaz Z keeps his head down a lot and his face hidden by hugging Beyoncé.

Age representation-Glue

Representation in glue

Representations-Common stereotypes

REPRESENTATIONS – COMMON STEREOTYPES

Shots within a film clip

At the start of this clip long shots are used to show the different skills of each competitor and makes the audience see the power they have over Katniss (0.04) who is being filmed using a close up shot of just her face and shoulders to make her appear weaker and defenceless. The director has chosen a long shot of the competitors showing of their skills because it makes the scene more dramatic and quick pace being able to switch from each angle (such as the first competitor using the knife with mannequins surrounded around him) and between the competitor's to make it seem more chaotic.
Next, a tilt shot is used to follow from Katniss' face to her hands (0.14) to show what she is doing; the director has chosen this to slow down the pace and therefore make her activity seem less important/less dangerous.
At 0.23 an over the shoulder shot is used to show what the tributes watching can see of the competitor throwing knifes. This has been used to make the competitor and activity seem more daunting to the others waiting. This makes the audience feel like this character has or is going to have a lot of power within the story as she has hit every target even with an audience.
An extreme close up is used at 0.34 to show Peeta's emotions and make him appear weak in comparison to the group laughing at him after, which are filmed at a long shot.
The creators of the games (the people who will rank the tributes) are viewed from a low camera angle (0.45) to show how powerful they are and to show the audience that they are in control of the training but are not a part of it.
A tracking shot is used at 1.01 to follow Peeta across the training room to where he picks up an object. The director has used this to show how nervous he is about what Katniss has advised him to do, he hesitantly walks towards it before waiting to throw it. If the director had just shown him getting up and then throwing the object the audience would not have been able to see his hesitation and the quick switch may have made him appear confident.
The extreme long shot used at 1.27 makes the rest of the tributes appear small and powerless now after Peeta has shown off what he can do. The director has used it before zooming in on their faces  to show how surprised they would have been and how they would have been taken aback by the show of strength after Peeta had fallen not long before.
The power returns to Peeta after this event and is shown by the low angle shot at 1.31. It shows the audience that Peeta was not to be underestimated and that he has regained the power after appearing weak at 0.34. The director has used this to foreshadow future events within the film.




Camera shots/movement:
To start this scene (0.01) a high angled shot is used to view the students so they seem like they are weak and have no power compared to the teacher which is then backed up by the close up of the students (0.05) to show their emotions and how unhappy they are about the test, this is used with a track shot to move between them.
A low angled shot (0.09) is used to show the teacher and show how much power she has over the students that are taking the test, it's also used as a point of view shot as it is what one of the students can see of the teacher. This point of view shot then zooms in on the teacher (0.16) to show her emotions and how smug she is that she got the students to do the test that no other teacher believed she should do. The zoom towards her face during this (0.21) shows the audience how nervous she is about this going wrong because of how important it is for her to prove everyone wrong. A tracking shot is then used to follow the teacher across the hall and to the door where she finds a spell (0.34).
There is a close up of the teacher when she first comes face to face with the spell to show her surprised and irritated face which then changes to a long shot of the spell entering the great hall. A crane shot is used 1.16 to switch from the top of the building to the bottom where the rest of the characters are.
Music:
At the start of this scene the only sound the audience can hear is of the flames burning which makes it more intimidating for the students who are taking the exam. Then a sound effect of footsteps is inserted which begin to get louder and so a tracking shot is used to follow the teacher to the door to investigate what is going on which is when a spell is introduced and the sound of this disturbs the students. At 1.06 the atmosphere changes as the music gets louder and the pace becomes quicker; the two wizards enter the hall and make the exam papers fly into the air which is followed by the cheering of the students. The contrasting music and volume here shows the difference between the power the teacher has at the start and at the end of the clip as she can no longer control them.
Editing:
The editing used in this scene is quite straight forward, switching from one shot to another, until the spell appears. Special effects are then used to display fireworks and different spells across the great hall and to make it suddenly appear more chaotic. This is then combined with different close ups of the individual characters experiencing what has just happened, the bewildered teacher watching as everything goes wrong and the two wizards who are causing the chaos.
Mise en-scene:
The teacher in this scene is dressed in formal clothing that makes her appear as superior to the students who are all easily identical in their uniform. The teacher stands straight and on a raised platform which also helps to show her power over the students who are positioned behind desks starring up at her. When the two wizards enter they hold the power of the teacher who not only has moved from her position over the students but has now been overthrown by the wizards who have interrupted the test and the students who have abandoned their work.


Camera shots/movement:
The first shot of this scene is an establishing shot which is used to show how awkward/nervous Stacey feels stood alone waiting to meet someone she hasn't before, This then switches to a point of view shot as Gavin points her out to his friend Smithy, this shot zooms in on Stacey to show that Smithy and Gavin are both looking at her and they are more familiar now with her than they were before they came. An arc shot is used to go from viewing Gavin and Smithy to seeing Stacey and her first reaction to meeting the boys which is then filmed at a mid shot to show the characters getting to know each other. A close up of Nessa is used when she is first introduced to Smithy to show her emotions and how she clearly dislikes him even though they have just met. A panning shot is used to switch from Nessa with the two slices of pizza to handing one over to Smithy which makes the audience feel like it was a reluctant decision and as he is being kept at an arms length things are still awkward between them. This is confirmed by the closing shot as an extreme long shot is used to film the two walk off but Nessa walking behind and keeping her distance from Smithy.
Music:
A song is overlapped at the start of this scene as it had been used during the previous, travelling shots to make them more interesting for the audience and as to combine the different shots of Stacey and Gavin getting ready for the meet up as they would fit together better than the different natural sounds. From here the music changes to natural sounds such as the waterfall behind them and the dialect. At the end of the clip the music from the upcoming scene in the club is played to ease the transition between scenes.
Editing:
The editing in these clips is kept simple as most of the conversation is natural and in one place so the clips are just placed one after the other without any special effects.
Mise en scene:
The characters are represented very differently in this scene, from Stacey and Nessa being dressed more for the club than Gavin and Smithy who arrive in a simple top and jeans. At the start of the scene both main characters appear to be very nervous, from Stacey standing on her own looking around to Gavin pausing to sort his hair. When they first meet this is continued by them overlapping in conversation and then Stacey making conversation about their items of clothing being from the same place. The awkwardness between Smithy and Nessa is clear from the beginning and when she arrives there are multiple pauses in conversation and silences to where she offers Smithy pizza and instead of thanking her he says "nice one" and walks away to catch up with the others rather than stay with her.

Camera shots, angles and movement.

Camera shots:
Over the shoulder-The view over the characters shoulder, often of a conversation, used to make the audience feel involved.

High angle-Pointing down at the character, is often used by the director to show weakness.

Low angle-Pointing up at the character, is often used by the director to show power.

Establishing/extreme long shot-The view of a setting from a long distance, often used at the start of a clip to set the scene.

Long shot-Often used to film a character (head to toe) entering/leaving a scene, shows their relationship in their surroundings.

Mid shot-Waist up of a character, used to make the audience become more familiar with the character, shows their facial expressions and body language.

Two shot-Shows two characters and the relationship between them.

Close up-Just the head and shoulders of a character, used to show their emotions.

Point of view-What the character can see, used with a close up shot first to see whose view it is. Helps the audience to engage with the character.

Extreme close up-Part of the character, unable to see other things, often used with just the character's eyes.

Camera movements:
Zoom shot-Similar to a track shot but can be filmed with more basic equipment, zooms in or out of a character or object in shot.
Tracking shot-Used with a dolly or dolly and track to smoothly zoom in/out of a shot of a character. Often used to show the start (zoom in) or end (zoom out). A sides ways track or crab shot is used to follow the character as they move along.

[Sideways track, taken from YouTube chanel ShayCarl]

Arc shot-Full or semi-circle movement around a character/characters. Can be used to show their reactions or to increase intensity.
Tilt shot-Moving up or down on an axis, can be used to show the point of view from a character seeing something daunting (moving up).

[Tilt shot, taken from YouTube channel ShayCarl]

Crane shot-Used by the direction to film in a vertical direction, making the characters appear weak or to end.
Panning shot-A camera mounted on a tripod so it films from a fixed point, filming left or right. Can also be used to show point of view.

[Panning shot, taken from YouTube channel ShayCarl]